Diwali, the festival of lights, is celebrated over five days, each with its significance, rituals, and stories. Day 2 of Diwali, known as Naraka Chaturdashi or Choti Diwali, marks an important day in the celebration, symbolizing the triumph of good over evil and the cleansing of one’s soul and surroundings.
The Significance of Naraka Chaturdashi
Naraka Chaturdashi falls on the 14th day of the dark fortnight in the Hindu month of Ashwin, the day before the grand Diwali celebration. This day commemorates the victory of Lord Krishna over the demon Narakasura, who was notorious for his misdeeds and oppression. According to Hindu mythology, Narakasura had imprisoned thousands of innocent beings. With his consort Satyabhama, Lord Krishna fought a fierce battle to defeat Narakasura and liberate the prisoners, bringing peace and justice back to the kingdom.
The day is celebrated to remind everyone of the power of light and goodness and the importance of purging negativity from one’s life. It is a day of cleansing both within oneself and one’s surroundings, preparing spiritually and mentally for the grand festival of Diwali on the following day.
Rituals and Traditions of Naraka Chaturdashi
- Early Morning Abhyanga Snan
On Naraka Chaturdashi, people wake up early to participate in an auspicious ritual called Abhyanga Snan (sacred bath). The ritual symbolizes cleansing the body, mind, and soul, washing away impurities and sins. Traditionally, people apply a fragrant mixture of ubtan—a paste made of herbs, oils, and flowers—to their skin before bathing, which is said to exfoliate and rejuvenate the skin. - Lighting of Diyas
As with all the days of Diwali, lighting diyas (oil lamps) is a cherished part of the Naraka Chaturdashi tradition. In the evening, households are adorned with rows of lit diyas, symbolizing the dispelling of darkness from one’s surroundings. These lights are also believed to guide departed souls to the heavens and bring peace to them. - Preparation of Traditional Sweets and Festive Meals
Sweet delicacies are an essential part of Diwali festivities, and on Choti Diwali, kitchens are abuzz with the preparation of festive treats. Favourites such as laddoos, barfis, and gulab jamuns are made and enjoyed with family and neighbours. This day emphasizes sharing and fostering a sense of community. - Rangoli Designs
To welcome Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth, families decorate their homes with vibrant rangoli—intricate designs made from coloured powders or flower petals. The act of creating a rangoli is meditative and fills the home with positive energy. It also sets the stage for Diwali by creating an inviting and festive atmosphere. - Visiting Temples and Offering Prayers
Naraka Chaturdashi is a time for visiting temples and offering prayers to deities, especially Lord Krishna, as a way of expressing gratitude for the blessings in one’s life and seeking protection from negative forces.
Spiritual Significance
Naraka Chaturdashi is not just about rituals; it’s a time for introspection and letting go of internal “demons” such as jealousy, anger, and ego. It encourages self-purification and a deep connection to one’s spirituality, urging people to let go of past resentments and prepare their hearts for the positive energy that Diwali brings.
Choti Diwali in Modern Times
In modern-day celebrations, Naraka Chaturdashi is often a more intimate celebration with family, allowing everyone to come together, rejuvenate, and engage in meaningful traditions. Many people observe this day as a “mini Diwali,” focusing on small gatherings, personal reflections, and mindful preparations for the grand celebrations of Diwali the next day.
The Light of Hope and Renewal
Naraka Chaturdashi represents a fresh start. As people light diyas and take their ritual baths, they cleanse not just their homes but also their spirits. It’s a powerful reminder that with every defeat of darkness, there is a renewal of hope and a celebration of life.
As we celebrate Naraka Chaturdashi, may we all remember the importance of inner cleansing and embracing the light within. The light of Diwali shines brightest when it comes from within us, spreading positivity, peace, and goodwill all around.
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